![]() ![]() What is the mass of a positively charged particle? Amplitude is the average displacement from equilibrium of aether granules. ![]() How is the charge of a particle calculated?Ĭharge is traveling longitudinal wave energy over distance (force) The elementary charge of a single particle (ee) is the wave amplitude at the first wavelength, calculated in detail in the section on electric force. It may be an ion, such as a molecule or atom with a surplus or deficit of electrons relative to protons. In physics, a charged particle is a particle with an electric charge. Neutrons are a type of subatomic particle with no charge (they’re neutral). Protons are bound together in an atom’s nucleus as a result of the strong nuclear force. Protons are a type of subatomic particle with a positive charge. What particle has negative charge?Įlectrons are a type of subatomic particle with a negative charge. According to theory it has energy and momentum but no mass, and this is confirmed by experiment to within strict limits. Students could be asked to suggest some other possibilities.Ĭan they explain why they all represent $4$?The answer is then definitely “no”: the photon is a massless particle. So overall, we improve our position by 7. We can write the following calculation to find out the overall effect: ![]() So imagine we bought 5 good players, sold 2 good players, bought 3 bad players and sold 7 bad players. When it's time for transfers, we can add new players to our team, or take players off the team. In this model, we represent positive numbers as good footballers who score lots of goals, and negative numbers as bad footballers who score own goals. What if you let me off my $3$ detentions?.Īdding something positive or taking away something negative improves the situation (up the number line we go).Īdding something negative or taking away something positive makes the situation worse (down the number line we go). What if you took away $7$ of my chocolates? How would I feel? Sadder? Yes, I need to go down $7$, to $^-2$. Now how would it be if someone gave me a detention (negative)? Yes, down $1$, to $5$. How would I feel if someone gave me $4$ chocolates (a generic positive!)? Yes, I move up $4$ to $6$. I feel OK today, maybe I score $2$ (pointing to number line) on this happiness scale. We talk about how you feel if someone gives you a negative thing, or if someone takes one away. We talk about how you feel if someone gives you a positive thing, or if someone takes one away. With the students, we brainstorm on things that are POSITIVE and things that are NEGATIVE. I have a big number line ($^-10$ to $10$, say) above or along the top of my whiteboard. "I believe that adding and subtracting with negative numbers makes sense. Here is a teacher's description of how she explains positive and negative numbers to her classes: You can read the calculation as "Four add negative two, subtract positive five, subtract negative one, add positive seven", and think to yourself "Four, down two, down five, up one, up seven" or equivalent. I add two sandbags (down two), subtract five puffs of hot air (down five), subtract one sandbag (up one), then add seven puffs of hot air (up seven). We can now describe a calculation such as 4 + (-2) - (+5) - (-1) + (+7) in the following way: In this model, we represent positive numbers as 'puffs' of hot air, and negative numbers as sandbags. The first model we offer is the hot air balloon, as seen in the game Up, Down, Flying Around. There are four possibilities that we need to be able to understand: We hope they will help you to understand what's going on when you might be tempted to use a rule like "Two minuses make a plus". This isn't the most helpful way to think about positive and negative numbers.īelow are some different ways of thinking about adding and subtracting positive and negative numbers. Perhaps you have heard people say "Two minuses make a plus". ![]()
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